Dr. Little received his BS in Psychology from the College of William and Mary in 1981 and his PhD in pharmacology and toxicology from the Medical College of Virginia in 1989. Dr. Little’s doctoral research focused on the behavioral and neurochemical effects of cannabinoids with the goal of identifying analogs with distinct behavioral and neurochemical profiles. He was a postdoctoral fellow from 1989 – 1990 in the psychiatry department at Washington University Medical School and from 1990 – 1997 in the pharmacology department at Duke University Medical School. His postdoctoral research concentrated on the effects of drugs of abuse on endocrine function. In 1997, Dr. Little joined the pharmacology department at Adolor Corporation as part of the in vivo pharmacology group, which focused on the identification and development of novel analgesics and understanding the full range of pharmacological activities and potential therapeutic uses of opioid receptor agonists and antagonists.